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Second Nature: Economic Origins of Human Evolution, by Haim Ofek
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This book spans two million years of human evolution and explores the impact of economics on human evolution and natural history. The theory of evolution by natural selection has always relied in part on progress in areas of science outside of biology. By applying economic principles at the borderlines of biology, Haim Ofek shows how some of the outstanding issues in human evolution, such as the increase in human brain size and the expansion of the environmental niche humans occupied, can be answered. He identifies distinct economic forces at work, beginning with the transition from the feed-as-you-go strategy of primates, through hunter-gathering and the domestication of fire to the development of agriculture. This highly readable book will inform and intrigue general readers and those in fields such as evolutionary biology and psychology, economics, and anthropology.
- Sales Rank: #1839734 in Books
- Brand: Brand: Cambridge University Press
- Published on: 2001-11-19
- Original language: English
- Number of items: 1
- Dimensions: 8.98" h x .59" w x 5.98" l, .87 pounds
- Binding: Paperback
- 268 pages
- Used Book in Good Condition
Review
"Ofek's book is in fact remarkable because it gives interesting, exhausting and insightful answers to old problems and, at the same time, it provides a new way to approach human evolution from the economic viewpoint. I hope it will stimulate the research on the economics of prehistory." Economic History Network
"...the boldness, coherence, and sweep of the book are impressive...Ofek has good and highly persuasive ideas about his main concern, which is the importance and centrality of economic analysis from an early point in human evolution...Second Nature is an exhilarating and interesting read that raises powerful questions about how humans got here and how we should be studied." Science
"...Ofek's book is in fact remarkable because it gives interesting, exhausting and insightful answers to old problems and, at the same time, it provides a new way to approach human evolution from the economic viewpoint." Joao Ricardo Faria, EH.NET
"Ofek makes several interesting connections between economics and biology." Nature
"Ofek sythesizes an enourmous range of research on human origins to advance to key role of exchange of goods and services in the evolution of distinctively human species.... This superb book seems poised to be a touchstone for work in prehistory and human origins for the forseeable future; essential for all academic libraries; highly recommended for others." Choice
About the Author
Haim Ofek is Professor of Economics at Binghamton University, New York.
Most helpful customer reviews
5 of 6 people found the following review helpful.
Extremely interesting, to say the least.
By César González Rouco
To put it in a nutshell, quoting from Alexander J. Field, Haim Ofek "argues that humans were selected for exchange, and that both the harnessing of fire, and the development of a hunter-gatherer lifestyle, were dependent on a previous selection for exchange".
In any event, I would like to add that this work reminds me of Morris Berman's "Wandering God: A Study in Nomadic Spirituality", in the sense, that, both books treat plenty of issues which, although instrumental to defend their respective thesis, are so interesting that, even if you do not agree with their authors, they make well worth it reading them.
0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
Not exchange and trade, but littoral and waterside adaptations explain human evolution.
By Marc Verhaegen
Although "Second Nature" is an interesting and readable personal view of how humans evolved, Haim Ofek misses what human evolution was really about. He still follows the popular but outdated view that forest-dwelling quadrupedal apes evolved into savanna-dwelling bipedal humans, whereas it has become clear that archaic Homo the last two million years (during the Ice Ages) did not run over open plains (sweating water + salt, both scarce in savannas), but dispersed intercontinentally along African and Eurasian coasts and rivers, beach-combing, diving and wading bipedally for littoral, shallow aquatic and waterside foods (including shellfish, which require stone tools to be opened, and are extremely rich in brain-specific nutrients, such as DHA).
All animals are selected to behave economically, to trade and exchange with kin and non-kin, with conspecifics and non-conspecifics, even in the absence of spoken language. Contrary to what Ofek thinks, exchange was not "the independent agent of brain evolution": comparative data show that humans evolved such large brains because of their very varied and changing milieus (successively: forest, swamp and coastal forest, littoral and freshwaterside, terrestrial milieus), which were so rich in brain-specific nutrients.
And human spoken language had several preadaptations that had nothing to do with trade or exchange: the original gibbon-like loud and varied song production was supplemented much later (Ice Ages) by the voluntary control of our breathing musculature (for shallow diving), by our mouth and throat adaptations for sucking and swallowing soft seafoods (rather than biting and chewing terrestrial foods like chimps do), which allowed the pronunciation of consonants, and by our large brains (thanks to DHA etc. in aquatic foods).
It was this spoken language (which evolved thanks to our littoral past) that made possible human trade and exchange, e.g. google reserachGate marc verhaegen.
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